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Twenty personal-finance calculators, and what each one answers

Most calculator pages give a number without saying what they assumed, and two sites give two answers to the same SIP. These twenty calculators state their conventions, show today's rupees beside future rupees, and explain each result in a sentence.

What the calculators page is

One page, twenty calculators, free and with no login. Each has its inputs on the left, its results on the right, and a sentence under the result that says what it means in words.

They are grouped by the job they do: investing, drawing down, borrowing, planning, measuring returns and the foundations of a household balance sheet. Each one also says what it assumes, and links to the article that explains the idea behind it.

The page index listing all twenty calculators, above the first one, the SIP calculator.
The page index listing all twenty calculators, above the first one, the SIP calculator.

Investing and drawing down

CalculatorWhat it answers
SIPWhat a fixed monthly investment grows to at a constant assumed return, and how much of it is money you put in.
LumpsumWhat a single investment grows to, and what that is worth in today's money.
STPMoving a lumpsum into a target fund in monthly slices, with both funds earning meanwhile.
SWPHow long a corpus lasts if you withdraw a fixed amount every month, and the withdrawal that would leave the capital intact.

Background: what is a SIP and SWP explained.

The SIP calculator: inputs, future value, the formula line and the what this assumes note.
The SIP calculator: inputs, future value, the formula line and the what this assumes note.

Borrowing

CalculatorWhat it answers
EMIThe monthly instalment on a loan, and what the loan costs in total.
Loan eligibilityThe loan an income supports, working back from the instalment a lender will allow (the FOIR share of income, less existing EMIs).
Home affordabilityThe property price your income and cash support once the loan-to-value cap and buying costs are included.
Credit-card EMIThe instalment, and the annual rate the arrangement really costs once the processing fee and GST are counted.

Background: how an EMI is built and loan eligibility explained.

Planning, returns and foundations

CalculatorWhat it answers
Retirement corpusThe corpus that funds an inflation-linked income for life, and the SIP that builds it from where you are.
Goal plannerWhat a target costs by the time you get there, and the monthly or one-time investment it takes.
Education corpusA multi-year course, escalated at education inflation and discounted back to the start date.
Marriage corpusA single dated expense, inflated to the date and worked back to a monthly figure.
Financial independenceHow many years of saving before a portfolio could cover your expenses at a chosen withdrawal rate.
InflationWhat a price becomes, what money loses, and the real return on top.
CAGRThe single annual rate that turns one value into another over a period.
XIRRThe annualised return on cashflows on irregular dates, solved numerically.
Compound interestWhat compounding frequency does to the same headline rate.
Emergency fundHow large a cash buffer your essential expenses imply, and how long it takes to build.
Net worthEverything you own less everything you owe, with the home and its loan shown separately.
Asset allocationHow far your portfolio has drifted from your chosen equity, debt and gold split, in rupees.

The conventions behind every number

Why XIRR rather than CAGR for a SIP is explained in XIRR vs CAGR.

A worked example

Hypothetical: a ₹10,000 monthly SIP for 10 years at an assumed 12%.

The monthly rate is 1% and there are 120 instalments. The growth factor is (1.01120 − 1) ÷ 0.01 ≈ 230.0. Paid at month-end, that is about ₹23.0 lakh; paid at the start of each month, as a SIP is, multiply by 1.01 for about ₹23.2 lakh. You paid in ₹12 lakh, so about ₹11.2 lakh is assumed growth.

At 6% inflation, the real rate is 1.12 ÷ 1.06 − 1 = 5.66% a year. Ten years of 6% inflation divides the corpus by 1.0610 ≈ 1.79, so ₹23.2 lakh then buys roughly what ₹13 lakh buys today. Both numbers are true; they answer different questions.

Where to find it

  1. Open /calculators. No login is needed.
  2. Jump to a calculator from the index at the top, or scroll by group.
  3. Read the assumptions line under each one before you rely on the result.

Position sizing, Kelly and risk of ruin are on the trading calculators page instead. To test a SIP on real fund history rather than an assumed rate, use the Mutual Funds app.

Common questions

Which SIP formula does the SIP calculator use?

The annuity-due form, FV = P × [((1 + i)^n − 1) ÷ i] × (1 + i), with i as the annual rate ÷ 12 and n as the number of months, because SIP instalments are debited at the start of the period.

Why is the real return not just return minus inflation?

Because both compound. The real rate is (1 + return) ÷ (1 + inflation) − 1, so 12% with 6% inflation is 5.66%, not 6%.

How is XIRR calculated?

You enter dated cashflows, negative for money in and positive for money out or the final value. The calculator solves for the single annual rate at which all of them, weighted by time invested, net to zero.

Do the calculators include tax?

No. None of them model tax, exit loads or transaction costs, and they assume a constant return. Each calculator states its assumptions under the result.

Are these calculators free?

Yes, all twenty are free and need no login.

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